托福TPO22综合写作及材料原文1 Thereadingandlisteningmaterialshaveaconflictofopinionsaboutethanolfuel.Thewriter下面是小编为大家整理的托福TPO22综合写作及材料原文,菁选2篇【完整版】,供大家参考。
托福TPO22综合写作及材料原文1
The reading and listening materials have a conflict of opinions about ethanol fuel. The writer believes that it is not a good alternative to gasoline， which is contradicted by the following lecture.
Firstly， the writer claims that ethanol fuel fails to solve the environment pollution since it also releases carbon dioxide when burned. However， the speaker opposes the claim by saying that ethanol fuel is made of plants like corn， which absorbs carbon dioxide from the air as part of its nutrition. So the process of growing the plant counteracts the release of green house gas emission.
Secondly， the writer states that the production of ethanol fuel would lead to a decline in source of food for farm animals， while the lecture views this issue from an opposite angle. According to him， ethanol fuel is made of cellulose， which is not eaten by animals. As a result， the amount of animal food won"t be reduced at all.
Third， the passage argues that ethanol fuel is less competitive than gasoline in terms of price because it is still relying on government"s subsidies. By contrast， in accordance with the speaker， the reading"s claim does not hold water. It will no longer be necessary for government to subsidize ethanol fuel because an increase in demand will result in an increase in production， which gives rise to a drop in its price. According to a study， if the production of ethanol fuel is three times greater than it is now， the price will drop by 40%.
托福TPO22综合写作及材料原文2
Ethanol fuel, made from plants such as corn and sugar cane, has been advocated by some people as an alternative to gasoline in the United States. However, many critics argue that ethanol is not a good replacement for gasoline for several reasons.
乙醇燃料是从玉米或者甘蔗之类的植物中提取的。在美国，一些人提倡使用乙醇
燃料来代替汽油。然而，很多评论家认为一些原因使得乙醇燃料不是良好的汽油 替代品。
First, the increased use of ethanol fuel would not help to solve one of the biggest environmental problems caused by gasoline use: global warming. Like gasoline, ethanol releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when it is burned for fuel, and carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas: it helps trap heat in the atmosphere. Thus, ethanol offers no environmental advantage over gasoline.
首先，使用汽油带来的最大的问题之一是全球变暖，而对于乙醇燃料使用的增加 并不能解决这个问题。同汽油一样，乙醇燃烧后向大气释放二氧化碳，而二氧化 碳是温室气体。它会保持大气层内的温度。因而，相对于汽油来说，乙醇并没有 环保优势。
Second, the production of significant amounts of ethanol would dramatically reduce the amount of plants available for uses other than fuel. For example, much of the corn now grown in the United States is used to feed farm animals such as cows and chickens. It is estimated that if ethanol were used to satisfy just 10 percent of the fuel needs in the United States, more than 60 percent of the corn currently grown in the United States would have to be used to produce ethanol. If most of the corn were used to produce ethanol, a substantial source of food for animals would disappear.
第二，乙醇产品的大量增加会导致用于其他目的作物数量减少。比如，在美国很 多的玉米都是用来作动物饲料来喂养牛和鸡。可以推测，如果乙醇只满足美国对 燃料需要的 10%，那么美国就要用现在玉米产量的. 60%用来制造乙醇燃料。如 果把玉米产量的大部分用来生产乙醇燃料的话，那么家畜主要的食物来源就不复 存在了。
Third, ethanol fuel will never be able to compete with gasoline on price. Although the prices of ethanol and gasoline for the consumer are currently about the same, this is only because of the help in the form of tax subsidies given to ethanol producers by the United States government. These tax subsidies have cost the United States government over $11 billion in the past 30 years. If the United States government were to stop helping the producers in this way, the price of ethanol would increase greatly.
第三，乙醇燃料在价格上永远无法与汽油竞争。虽然目前对消费者来说，乙醇燃 料和汽油的相差无几，但是只是因为美国*以税收补贴的形式补助乙醇燃料制 造商。这个税收补贴在过去的三十年花掉了美国* 110 亿美元。如果美国政 府停止以这种形式帮助制造商，那么乙醇燃料的价格会大幅升高。
