摘 要：双向对应性解释模型在立法和司法层面上双向对应，实现立法的类型化向司法的个罪定型化转变，以明确空白刑法规范规定之构成要件，从而在罪刑法定原则的指引下，妥当化解空白刑法规范的规范弹性和构成要件明确性之间的紧张，最大限度实现了空白刑法规范的设置初衷。不论保险刑法的规范弹性与构成要件明确性的协调，抑或保险犯罪违法性判断对行为违反保险行政法律规范的强调，本质上都要求保险刑法规范的解释采用双向对应性解释模型，即保险犯罪构成要件中某些构成要件要素的理解需要以保险行政法律规范的规定为标准、保险犯罪构成要件中实行行为的解释需要以保险行政法律规范的规定为补充、保险行政法律规范变动时解释保险刑法规范应参照对行为人有利的保险行政法律规范、解释保险刑法规范应当注意区分外延不同的“违反国家规定”与“违反规定”。
关键词：保险刑法规范;空白刑法;解释路径;双向对应性解释模型
中图分类号：DF613
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-5099（2019）04-0089-07
Exploration on the New Interpretation Path of Insurance Criminal Norm
Based on the Bidirectional Correspondence Interpretation Model
CAO Bo
（College of law Guizhou University， Guiyang Guizhou， 550025， China）
Abstract：The bidirectional correspondence interpretation model is on the legislative and judicial levels， realizing the transformation from the typology of legislation to the standardization of judicature， so as to clarify the constitutive elements of blank criminal law regulations. This model properly solves the strained relation between the flexibility of the blank criminal norm and the clarity of constitutive elements. On the premise of upholding the principle of legality， it furthest realizes the purpose and task of the blank criminal norm protection law. Either in the harmony between the regulation flexibility of insurance criminal law and the clarity of constitutive elements， or the emphasis of the illegality judgment of insurance crime on the breach of the insurance administrative legal norms， the interpretation of insurance criminal norms is essentially required to adopt a bidirectional correspondence interpretation model， namely the interpretation of some insurance crime constitutive elements shall be based on the insurance administrative legal norms; the interpretation of behavior in the insurance crime constitution elements needs the administrative legal norms of insurance as a supplement; while insurance administrative legal norms change， the interpretation of insurance criminal law norms should be based on insurance administrative legal norms which is advantageous for perpetrator; and the interpretation of insurance criminal law norms should differentiate the extension of “violation of the provisions of the state” and “violation of the regulation”.
Key words：insurance criminal norms; blank criminal norm; interpretation path; bidirectional correspondence interpretation model
保險犯罪是在保险领域中违反国家保险刑事法律，严重危害和破坏保险市场秩序和保险监管秩序，依法应当受到刑罚处罚的行为。随着保险市场的快速发展，保险犯罪的问题日益凸显，严重侵害了被保险人合法权益，破坏了保险市场秩序，已经成为制约保险业平稳健康发展的突出问题。保险刑法规范的解释路径，是指在肯定保险犯罪之法定犯属性的前提下，立足违法性判断之缓和违法一元论的基本立场，诠释保险刑法规范所规定的保险犯罪之犯罪构成的具体方式。解释路径是在解释前提的基础上对解释立场的具体展开，对于践行解释前提和解释立场所蕴含之价值理念，准确适用保险刑法规范，科学认定保险犯罪，具有重要意义。鉴于保险刑法规范大多采用空白刑法规范立法模式，其解释理应运用双向对应性解释模型的规范路径。
